• Historiated initial 'D' or 'O' of Christ Disputing with the Merchants. The robe of the figure to the right is inscribed 'A. P. S. VITV. SI?S'., Cutting from an Antiphoner (index antiphonary, antiphonal)

New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Robert Lehman Collection (see Pia Palladino, ~Treasures of a Lost Art: Italian Manuscript Painting of the Middle Ages and Renaissance~ (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2003), cat. no. 52a); New York, The

• Detail of illuminated initial 'A'(d dominum cum tribularer), with foliate motifs, at Psalm 119., Psalter (the 'Ramsey Psalter' or 'Psalter of Oswald'), in the Gallican version, with a litany (ff. 209-211) followed by prayers (ff. 211-214)

the time the manuscript was made); perhaps made for Oswald, founder of Ramsey abbey, bishop of Worcester, and archbishop of York from 972 to 992: mentioned in Ramsey's 14th-century catalouge as a 'Psalter of St Oswald' (see Gameson 1996).Thomas Powell:

• Detail of an illuminated initial 'D'(ixit dominus domino meo), with foliate and knotwork motifs, at Psalm 109., Psalter (the 'Ramsey Psalter' or 'Psalter of Oswald'), in the Gallican version, with a litany (ff. 209-211) followed by prayers (ff. 211-214)

the time the manuscript was made); perhaps made for Oswald, founder of Ramsey abbey, bishop of Worcester, and archbishop of York from 972 to 992: mentioned in Ramsey's 14th-century catalouge as a 'Psalter of St Oswald' (see Gameson 1996).Thomas Powell:

• Text page with plain initials in gold 'C'(anticum Psalmorum)., Psalter (the 'Ramsey Psalter' or 'Psalter of Oswald'), in the Gallican version, with a litany (ff. 209-211) followed by prayers (ff. 211-214)

the time the manuscript was made); perhaps made for Oswald, founder of Ramsey abbey, bishop of Worcester, and archbishop of York from 972 to 992: mentioned in Ramsey's 14th-century catalouge as a 'Psalter of St Oswald' (see Gameson 1996).Thomas Powell:

• Detail of tinted drawing with the Virgin Mary standing at the base of the cross., Psalter (the 'Ramsey Psalter' or 'Psalter of Oswald'), in the Gallican version, with a litany (ff. 209-211) followed by prayers (ff. 211-214)

the time the manuscript was made); perhaps made for Oswald, founder of Ramsey abbey, bishop of Worcester, and archbishop of York from 972 to 992: mentioned in Ramsey's 14th-century catalouge as a 'Psalter of St Oswald' (see Gameson 1996).Thomas Powell:

• Manuscripts of the West Midlands

in Pearsall, D., ed, New Directions in Later Medieval Manuscript Studies. Essays from the 1998 Harvard Conference , York: The University of York Centre for Medieval Studies, pp. 103-129. McIntosh, A., Samuels, M. L. and Benskin, M. 1986. A Linguistic

• Manuscripts of the West Midlands

Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 4. Robbins, R. H., ed, 1959. Historical Poems of the XIVth and XVth Centuries , New York: Columbia University Press. Ward, H. 1910. Catalogue of Romances in the Department of Manuscripts in the British Museum ,

• Manuscripts of the West Midlands

Dictionary , 4 vols, Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 4. Matzke, J. 1909. Les oeuvres de Simund de Freine , New York: Johnson Reprint, 1968. Meyer, P. 1884. ‘ Notice et extraits du MS. 8336 de la Bibliotheque de Sir Thomas

• Manuscripts of the West Midlands

456). Catalogued and encoded: Rebecca Farnham, University of Birmingham, March 2004. Blake, N. F. 1972. Middle English Religious Prose , York Medieval Texts, London: Arnold. Boffey, J. 2003. ‘ The Charter of the Abbey of the Holy Ghost and its

• Manuscripts of the West Midlands

in the Vernon Manuscript , Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, pp. 1-13, p. 8. Dreves, G. 1961. Analecta Hymnica , New York; London: Johnson Reprint Corp. Erler, M. C. 2002. Women, Reading, and Piety in Late Medieval England , Cambridge: Cambridge